40.10 The brush border tissue layer of the proximal tubule cells enhances their ability to reabsorb substances from the filtrate by greatly enhancing their surface area (Ross, Romrell and Kaye, 1995, 571).
40.11 Tubular secretion is the method utilize to eliminate drugs such as penicillin from the body (Applegate, 2000, 383). Tubular secretion of hydrogen ions plays an important role in regulating the pH of the blood, and tubular secretion helps get unfreeze of waste products from cellular metabolism. Tubular secretion is also used to get rid of molecules of potassium, creatinine and histamine.
40.12 The glomerular filtrate is an ultrafiltrate of blood, and normally contains no plasma proteins or blood cells Applegate, 2000, 381). Otherwise, the two fluids are of similar composition.
40.
13 nephritic arterial blood vessel - segmental artery -interlobular artery - arciform artery -afferent arteriola - glomerular capillary - efferent arteriole - peritubular capillary - arcuate vein - interlobular vein - segmental vein - renal vein (Applegate, 2000, 379).
40.14 The juxtaglomerular apparatus at the hilus of the glomerulus is made up of granular epithelial cells usually found in the terminal portion of the afferent arteriole, the macula densa of the distal convoluted tubule, and a group of cells between the macula densa and the glomerulus (lac
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b) hemoglobin in the urine - hemoglobinuria
Gastrulation. (2004). Retrieved September 11, 2004 from
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