I. patronage Examine the prenomen before reading the verse. touch sensation for initial meanings and connotations. If your poem has NO title, you must still explain why.
II.PARAPHRASE Translate the poem into your own words (literal/denotation). Resist the urge to jump to interpretation. A failure to understand what happens literally inevitably leads to an interpretive misunderstanding.
look for the following:
Syntactical units complete sentences rather than line by line.
Enjambment, vs. extirpate stopped lines
III. CONNOTATION Examine the poem for meaning beyond the literal.
Notice: Diction
Imagery (especially metaphor, simile, personification target and explain)
symbolisation is there any? Explain.
Irony paradox, understatement, oxymoron
Allusions
Effect of sound devices (alliteration, onomatopoeia, assonance, consonance)
Rhyme
IV. strength TONE Examine both the speakers and the poets attitudes. Remember dont confuse the creator with the persona. Characterize attitude using solid tone vocabulary.
Look for
Speakers attitude toward self, different characters, and the subject,
Attitudes of characters other than the speaker; Poets attitude toward speaker, other characters, subject, and finally toward the reader.
V.
SHIFTS Note shifts in speaker, attitudes
Look for:
Occasion of poem (time and place)
Key words (yet, but)
Punctuation (dashes, periods, colon, etc.)
Stanza divisions
Changes in line and/or stanza length
Irony (sometimes irony hides shifts)
Effect of structure on meaning
VI. TITLE Examine the title again, this time on an interpretive level.
VII. issue First list what the poem is about (subjects); then take what the poet is saying about each of those subjects (theme). Remember, theme must be expressed as a complete sentence.
***ADDITIONALLY: Identify the poems author and its rhyme scheme (This refers to the end rhyme...If you want to get a full essay, order it on our website: Ordercustompaper.com
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