The Effects of Short Term and Long Term Stress on Physiological Processes

The Effects of Short shape and Long Term Stress on Physiological processes Stress can have more definitions, the NHS sees it as test is the feeling of being under too ofttimes mental or emotional pressure (2012) and some may describe it as when our demands outweigh our response. A stressor is anything that is likely to set off your stress levels, when a some proboscis is feeling overwhelmed or they cannot cope with an event or situation (whether it be physical or psychological). During the 1920s Walter waist began to do it chain of rapidly occurring replys in ones body in response to acute stress.He described this reaction as the fighting or flight response which get out prepare the body to either fight or flee from a threatening situation (real or imaginary). Cannon discovered that during this response a series of physiological reactions will instruct place such as marrow squash and respiratory rate will increase to deed over for more oxygen to be pumped well-nigh the b ody to prepare the muscles for action. Blood pressure will increase as the blood vessels will constrict to enable to blood to move quick and more smoothly around the body.Pupils will dilate as they al minor more light into the eye therefore al petty(a)ing a boarder prospect of the situation. Our compassionate nervous response to stress is our immediate response, this is an uncontrollable instinctive reflex to a stressful situation. Our hypothalamus send signals through our nerve cells to our pituitary secretory organ to our adrenal glands, specifically our adrenal medulla. Here, the hormone adrenaline is pumped into the bloodstream causing the many physiological changes in our body. Also, noradrenaline will be release causing the non-essential constitutions to either shut down or loosen up down e.g. digestive system and resistant system. As the adrenaline is cross through our body it triggers the release of sugar from our temporary stores supplying brawn around the body. O riginally founded by Seyle in 1956, general adaptation syndrome refers to the iii microscope comprise reaction to stress and our adaptation to dealing and living with it. map one is the sympathetic nervous response an immediate alarm reaction to a stress and our fight/slight response. Stage two is the stage of resistance (adaptation) where a prolong exposure to stress has occurredcausing our body to perplex adjusted to the stressor and the increased amount of hormones in our body (adrenaline/adrenocorticotropic). As a way of conserving energy and for optimum nutrient absorption a person may feel reduced desire for physical activity. The final stage is the exhaustion stage, as there has been an increased amount of corticosteroids in the body, the immune system will have become much weaker making a person much more susceptible to chronic illness/heart attacks/severe infection as our bodies are much less sufficient of an immune response.If a person has GAS then there body will be in the process of the parasympathetic nervous response, it differs to the sympathetic response as hypothalamus signals to the pituitary gland to release adrenocorticotropic hormone. This hormone will trigger corticosteroids into the blood from the adrenal cortex which suppresses the immune system and converts glycogen in muscles and the liver into sugar. In 1997, Marmot conducted a study into low job control and the risk of coronary heart disease. It was determined that low job control did increase the risk of heart disease.